:question:如何对请求顺丰API

分析结果：

用户注册成为 CP得到 partnerID ，传 serviceCode 来指定的调用的 API服务代码,按指定的加密方式得到 数字签名 ，再把 相关请求的报文、时间戳、UUID随机数 作为参数，请求结果。

:newspaper:请求报文分析

每个请求的报文有所不同

这里以 路由查询报文 来分析

报文元素

报文示例

{
    "language": "0",
    "trackingType": "1",
    "trackingNumber": ["444003077898", "441003077850"],
    "methodType": "1"
}
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按照相关格式填写业务中的需要查询的快递订单id进去，实现相关查询

:chestnut:Demo实践

Demo 代码

目标1:PostMan发送路由查询请求

目标：使用 POSTMAN发送一个路由查询请求

✍︎填参准备

⚠注意设置请求头

☢︎最重要的数字签名

文档中有加密demo

修改后输出需要的参数

public static void main(String[] args) throws UnsupportedEncodingException, NoSuchAlgorithmException {
        // 请求唯一号
        String requestID = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
  
        //时间戳 取报文中的timestamp（调用接口时间戳）
        String timestamp = String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis());
        //客户校验码    使用顺丰分配的客户校验码
        String checkword = "XXXXXXX";
        //业务报文  去报文中的msgData（业务数据报文）
        String msgData = "{n"language": "0", "trackingType": "1", "trackingNumber": ["444003077898", "441003077850"], "methodType": "1" }";
        //将业务报文+时间戳+校验码组合成需加密的字符串(注意顺序)
        String toVerifyText = msgData+timestamp+checkWord;
        
        //因业务报文中可能包含加号、空格等特殊字符，需要urlEnCode处理
        toVerifyText = URLEncoder.encode(toVerifyText,"UTF-8");
        //进行Md5加密
        MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
        md5.update(toVerifyText.getBytes("UTF-8"));
        byte[] md = md5.digest();
        //通过BASE64生成数字签名
        String msgDigest = new String(new BASE64Encoder().encode(md));
        
        System.out.println("时间戳："+timestamp);
        System.out.println("请求唯一号:"+requestID);
        System.out.println("加密后的数字签名："+msgDigest);
    }
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运行得到相关参数：

再填入剩下的参数

请求成功

目标2:JAVA请求路由查询 API

目标：用 Java实现 post请求路由查询

就是从使用PostMan发送请求到在 Java中使用 HTTP请求工具类，对服务器传参，发送请求

添加HTTP请求工具类请求接口

import org.Apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.ParseException;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class HttpClientUtil {
    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpClientUtil.class);

    public static String postSFAPI(String url, String xml, String verifyCode) {
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();

        List<NameValuePair> parameters = new ArrayList<>();
        parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("xml", xml));
        parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("verifyCode", verifyCode));
        HttpPost post = postForm(url, new UrlEncodedFormEntity(parameters, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
        String body = "";
        body = invoke(httpClient, post);

        try {
            httpClient.close();
        } catch (IOException var9) {
            logger.error("HttpClientService post error", var9);
        }

        return body;
    }

    private static String invoke(CloseableHttpClient httpclient, HttpUriRequest httpost) {
        HttpResponse response = sendRequest(httpclient, httpost);
        String body = "";
        int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
        if (statusCode == 200) {
            body = parseResponse(response);
        }

        return body;
    }

    private static String parseResponse(HttpResponse response) {
        HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
        String body = "";

        try {
            if (entity != null) {
                body = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
            }
        } catch (ParseException | IOException var4) {
            logger.error("HttpClientService paseResponse error", var4);
        }

        return body;
    }

    private static HttpResponse sendRequest(CloseableHttpClient httpclient, HttpUriRequest httpost) {
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;

        try {
            response = httpclient.execute(httpost);
        } catch (IOException var4) {
            logger.error("HttpClientService sendRequest error", var4);
        }

        return response;
    }

    private static HttpPost postForm(String url, StringEntity entity) {
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
        httpPost.setEntity(entity);
        return httpPost;
    }

    public static String post(String url, Map<String, String> params) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectionRequestTimeout(5000).setConnectTimeout(5000).setSocketTimeout(60000).build();
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
        httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
        httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type", "Application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8");
        List<NameValuePair> paramsList = new ArrayList<>();
        Iterator<Map.Entry<String, String>> iterator = params.entrySet().iterator();

        for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
            paramsList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
        }

        UrlEncodedFormEntity urlEncodedFormEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramsList, "UTF-8");
        httpPost.setEntity(urlEncodedFormEntity);
        String body = invoke(httpClient, httpPost);

        try {
            httpClient.close();
        } catch (IOException var9) {
            logger.error("HttpClientService post error", var9);
        }

        return body;
    }
}
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调用工具类请求API 添加代码

Map<String,String> params = new HashMap<>();
        params.put("requestID",requestID);
        params.put("msgDigest",msgDigest);
        params.put("msgData",msgData);
        params.put("timestamp",timestamp);
        params.put("partnerID","xxxxxx");
        params.put("serviceCode","EXP_RECE_SEARCH_ROUTES");

        String result = null;
        try {
            result = HttpClientUtil.post("https://sfapi-sbox.sf-express.com/std/service", params);
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println(result);
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请求成功

目标3:举一反三

猜想:

只改变请求的服务代码和请求的报表亦可成功访问对应的服务?

前提条件

接入其他 API时，需要先申请权限

修改请求参数

• serviceCode服务代码
• msgData请求报表

建议抽取静态变量，方便修改

下面试着请求 下订单 接口

// 现在指定 API的服务名
    private static String SERVICE_CODE = "EXP_RECE_CREATE_ORDER";
    // 请求报文
    private static String msgData = "{
    "cargoDetails":[
        {          
            "count":2.365,
			"unit":"个",
			"weight":6.1,
			"amount":100.5111,
            "currency":"HKD",
            "name":"护肤品1",           
            "sourceArea":"CHN"          
        }],
    "contactInfoList":	[
        {
            "address":"广东省深圳市南山区软件产业基地11栋",
            "contact":"小曾",
            "contactType":1,
            "country":"CN",
            "postCode":"580058",
            "tel":"4006789888"
        },
        {
            "address":"广东省广州市白云区湖北大厦",
            "company":"顺丰速运",
            "contact":"小邱",
            "contactType":2,
            "country":"CN",
            "postCode":"580058",
            "tel":"18688806057"
        }],
    "language":"zh_CN",
    "orderId":"OrderNum20200612223"
}";
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直接运行

测试成功

:statue_of_liberty:总结

我们尝试了 使用 postman对路由查询 API发出请求，

Java使用 HTTP工具类来接入路由查询 API，

同时举一反三地接入了生成订单 API

当然 Demo还可以进一步进行完善

Demo 完善展望

• 封装报文
• 抽取服务代码做枚举类
• 声明用户属性的常量